Diversified Technique
Strictly speaking, and as defined by the American Chiropractic Association,1 diversified technique, also known as full spine specific technique, is a widely used type of manipulation/adjustment that includes most of the procedures taught and used in chiropractic schools. It is also one of the most easily recognizable chiropractic terms for doctors and patients alike. The technique entails a high-velocity, low-amplitude adjustment that usually results in the the “audible release” heard (and often expected) by the patient during his or her visit. The name itself implies that diversified technique can be used to treat many articulations in the body.
Diversified technique was developed by D.D. Palmer and was later refined and given its unique nuances when individually performed and taught by the chiropractic giants in the era following Palmer’s passing. Diversified technique always addressed the total needs of the patient, looking at the body as an integrated collective of innately enlivened, organically functional components that exhibited optimal health when given the opportunity to become and remain structurally balanced through proper chiropractic care. When clinically necessary, a thoughtful, caring, and attentive diversified practitioner will use ancillary modalities, stretches, exercises, nutrition, orthotics, and other aids for the patient’s total well being.
Presentation
A middle-aged, black male patient entered my office
suffering terribly from an acute exacerbation
of a chronic lower back condition. Formerly a star high school and college
athlete, the patient, a medical doctor, was now reduced to making his way
through his grueling day of clinical rounds, hospital calls, and office
hours often confined to a wheelchair to relieve the unbearable pain and pressure in his lower back and the concomitant
weakness in his legs. When his colleague, a neurosurgeon, offered him the
“drive-by” diagnosis of a herniated disk with possible spinal
canal stenosis and recommended decompressive surgery, the patient
wisely and cautiously decided, on the advice of a friend, to give
chiropractic a try.
Examination revealed a physically fit patient in
obvious distress. Vital signs were essentially normal with the exception of
mildly elevated blood pressure and pulse, presumably due to pain. Family
history revealed heart disease and degenerative arthritis on both sides
without apparent compromise in longevity. Gait was altered, painful, and
halting. Posture was stooped and guarded; asymmetric iliac crests were
evident upon visual analysis. Neurologic examination was essentially
unremarkable with the exception of some mild hyperesthesia noted over the
spinous processes of the lower lumbar region. Orthopedic examination
revealed positive Kemp’s, minor’s, bilateral bowstring,
bilateral leg raise, and Gaenslen’s tests. Notably absent were signs
of gross nerve root impingement or radiculopathy. Static palpation revealed
muscular hypertonicity in the thoracolumbar paraspinal recesses extending
from T11 down to L5, greater on the right than left.
Motion palpation revealed noticeable joint limitation
in the lower lumbar segments, especially in left-side bending and rotation.
Kinesiologic findings were within normal limits. Neurocalometry revealed
increased surface heat at the L4 to L5 interface.
Radiologic evaluation included A-P, lateral, and right
and left oblique studies of the lumbar spine. Left and right side-bending
films were also taken. No apparent evidence of degenerative joint or disk
disease was noted. Alterations in George’s line were apparent, with lumbosacral joint imbrication most notable. I began to
wonder just what the neurosurgeon had been thinking. Granted, the
patient’s presenting symptomatology, particularly the lower extremity
weakness, could have led an inexperienced practitioner to think the worst,
but based on the dearth of more dire exam findings, I could only surmise
that the specialist had tried to convince the patient of the need for
surgery through a “bending” of the facts.
After reviewing the case, I explained to the patient
that we could “bend” the facts a bit differently. Essentially,
what happened here is what happens in chiropractic offices all the time:
The patient is grossly subluxated, as a result of overuse and abuse of
bodily articulations without periodic correction, mobilization, or
repositioning. I offered the patient the following analogy: If your car
hits the curb every week when you go around a corner, pretty soon your
front end needs alignment. And while our bodies, with all their miraculous
abilities to adapt over and over again to constant inner and outer stress,
can put up a good front for months, years, and even decades, as the old
saying goes, eventually “something’s gotta give.” He
accepted the metaphor and agreed to give chiropractic a shot.
I began adjusting the patient on the same day as his
consultation and evaluation. This has been my protocol whenever a patient
exhibits acute distress.
The patient began treatment in the prone position.
Gentle, but firm manual traction with contact points at the occiput and
sacrum was applied for approximately 15 seconds. This treatment protocol in
most cases relaxes the patient, gets him used to what it is like to have
hands-on treatment, and gives the DC an opportunity to initially assess
tissue tonus/resistance. Keep in mind that most patients have no idea
what’s coming if they’ve never been adjusted, so an initial,
noninflictive stretch can do wonders for the doctor-patient relationship.
Subsequent to the application of manual traction, a
Derifield leg check was performed to gauge or rule out pelvic joint
dysfunction. In this case, the leg check was negative for primary
sacroiliac involvement. The spine was then repalpated from bottom to top to
assess which segments would require corrective adjustment. Invaluable
information regarding the doctor’s stance relative to the
patient’s size, girth, and tonus, contact points, tissue pull,
stabilization, line of correction, and torque utilization can be gauged
during this palpatory encounter. All of this is reflexive, automatic, and
lightning quick in the experienced practitioner.
Diagnosis
The patient was found to be subluxated in several of
the rotational axes of the lumbosacral apophyseal joints, as well as in the
lower lumbar intersegmental junctures. Additionally, secondary subluxations
were found at the thoracolumbar, upper-thoracic, and upper-cervical
junctures. From a postural standpoint, all of this made perfect sense, as
the patient had been trying to (unsuccessfully) adapt, over a period of
years to an asymmetric spine, the product of a great deal of unilateral
sports-related activity, especially tennis.
Treatment
With the analysis complete, adjusting began by
releasing those vertebrae in the thoracic and thoracolumbar regions that had been fixated through a high-velocity,
low-amplitude thrust applied to each of the involved segments. An audible
sigh of relief was emitted by the patient at this point, and he stated that
he already felt the stricture in his lower back and the weakness in his
legs subsiding. I then positioned the patient in the right lateral
recumbent position and adjusted and successfully released the lumbosacral
facet. I then repeated the process on the opposite side, releasing the
rotational restrictions detected between the third, fourth, and fifth
lumbar vertebrae.
Finally, the patient was laid supine and the cervical
spine was repalpated to discern whether the initial restrictions detected
there remained or whether they were compensatory and had cleared. The atlas
and axis were found to be fixated, primarily in rotation. Additionally, the
atlas was found to be posterior. The two segments were then adjusted using
a classical cervical rotary technique with an index contact to correct the
rotation, and a toggle recoil was employed with the patient in the prone
position for correction of atlas posteriority.
Again, the patient breathed a sigh of relief. I then
asked the patient to stand and see how he was feeling. To his complete
amazement, he was able to stand quite readily and without difficulty,
noting only residual discomfort at the lumbosacral juncture with no leg
weakness. I recommended he return the following day for his next
adjustment, and he agreed.
I saw the patient frequently during the first month of
care, performing several adjustments per week where and when needed. His
spinal and extremity symptomatology quickly subsided, and his zest for life
returned. Postural asymmetries normalized, muscle imbalances became
significantly less notable, and strength and endurance improved greatly.
These are, of course, the signs of clinical improvement we all strive for,
and the patient’s spine behaved in classic fashion, responding to
corrective spinal care in the form of diversified technique in high style.
The patient continues to pursue weekly maintenance,
having had only minor recurrences.
Diversified technique, as practiced in my office, is a
hands-on approach to the joyful and full-bodied experience of helping
patients get well through old-fashioned chiropractic care. When learned
well from the masters who have carried it down through the generations of
our profession’s existence, it is an outstanding tool for providing
patients with the opportunity to express their unique potential as only
their Creator could have intended.
Neal Blaxberg, DC, is
a 1985 graduate of New York Chiropractic College and holds a
bachelor’s degree in psychology from Johns Hopkins University in
Baltimore. He has been in private, solo practice in Pikesville, Md, for 21
years, and uses a melange of techniques loosely classified under the
diversified heading. Contact him at Inn8doc@aol.com.